A varistor is an electronic component with a significant nonlinear current–voltage characteristic.
Varistors are often used to protect circuits against excessive transient voltages by incorporating them into the circuit in such a way that, when triggered, they will shunt the current created by the high voltage away from the sensitive components.A varistor is also known as Voltage Dependent Resistor or VDR. A varistor’s function is to conduct significantly increased current when voltage is excessive.Now the widely used Zinc oxide varistors are polycrystaline ceramic semiconductor devices based on zinc oxide. They have highly non-linear current/voltage characteristics, similar to back-to-back Zener diodes, but with much greater current and energy handling capabilities. Zinc oxide varistors are widely applied to home appliances,factory devices,power transmission lines and other many kinds of instruments with electrical circuits,to protect them from damages to power surges by taking advantage of the nonlinearity between current and voltage of a varistor.
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